Trending in architectural facade design
By Locker Group, Translated by Simon Shim
Aesthetics is a big part of facade design but not the only
consideration. When designing a building facade, key considerations, in
addition to visual appeal, also include waterproofing, insulation and now,
energy efficiency, which adds another layer of complexity to the
process. Thanks to advances in building technology and access to a greater
number of materials, facade engineers are able to do more with what they
have.
미학은 외관 디자인의 큰 부분이지만 유일한 고려 사항은 아닙니다. 건물 외관을 설계 할 때 주요 고려 사항에는 시각적 매력을 포함한, 방수, 단열 및 에너지 효율성 등, 외관 설계 프로세스에 복잡성을 더합니다. 건축 기술의 발전과 더 많은 재료에 대한 접근성 덕분에,
파사드 엔지니어는 자신이 가진 것보다 더 많은 것을 할 수 있습니다.
Facade design trends are no
longer discussing ‘what's hot’ but more about how design approach has changed
with different priorities taking precedence and the immense design
possibilities, thanks to new technological developments.
외관 디자인 트렌드는 더 이상 ‘최고의 유행 소식’에 대해 논의하지 않고, 새로운 기술 개발 덕분에 우선 순위와 방대한 디자인 가능성에 따라 디자인 접근 방식이 어떻게 달라 졌는지에 대해 더 많이 논의합니다.
The Parthenon Pavilion at Centennial Medical Center (Junior_Lava)
1. Design approach (설계 접근법)
When one thinks of facades,
there are quite a few iconic buildings that come to mind - St Peter's Basilica,
the Parthenon, or one of the many striking works by Frank Gehry. Great facade
design can leave an impression, oftentimes leading buildings to become iconic,
integral parts of their cityscapes that can last for centuries.
외관을 생각할 때 성 베드로 대성당, 파르테논 신전 또는 프랭크 게리 (Frank Gehry)의 인상적인 작품 중 하나가 떠 오릅니다. 훌륭한 외관 디자인은 인상을 남길 수 있으며, 종종 주요 건물이 수세기 동안 지속될 수있는 도시의 상징적 인 부분이 되었습니다.
Mic Patterson of Facade
Tectonics describes the current approach to facade design in commercial
architecture as ‘the pursuit of the iconic’. This is an approach that values
the unique appearances of the classics, and attempts to create designs that
will be remembered.
This is not to say that the
aesthetic aspect of a facade is the only consideration. As previously
mentioned, waterproofing and insulation are just as important as aesthetic
features, but with new technology, facades can make even more meaningful
contributions to the buildings they envelop.
Facade Tectonics의 Mic Patterson은 상업용 건축의 외관 디자인에 대한 현재 접근 방식을 '아이코닉의 추구'라고 설명합니다. 이것은 고전의 독특한 외관을 소중히 생각하며 기억 될 디자인을 만들려고하는 접근법입니다.
Today's design approach is
one that balances striking visuals with classic functionality, while
incorporating smart new technologies to boost efficiency.
오늘날의 디자인 방식은 눈에 띄는 비주얼과 클래식 기능을 균형있게 유지하면서 스마트 신기술을 통합하여 효율성을 높입니다.
Monash University (Locker Group)
2. Materials (재료)
Technological advances are
not only simplifying bulk production of materials but also allowing these
materials to be manipulated easily for specific applications. Producing
thousands of perforated metal sheets, for example, is far simpler and less
time-consuming than it would have been previously.
Woven wire mesh and
perforated or expanded metal used in facades (whether for the entire building
skin or as individual textural or shading elements in more complex designs)
certainly fit the bill when it comes to functionality. Facade materials need to
strike a delicate balance between allowing natural light to enter the building
and restricting glare from the sun.
This can be achieved using
open profiles or screens oriented in such a way to allow the all-important
passage of natural light while still offering optimal protection from direct
sunlight. Though facade engineers have traditionally used glass to provide
natural light to a space, this material isn't always the best option in
Australia's climate where the glare from the slow-moving sun can cause problems
with vision.
Portland, Oregon (Lemon_Architecture)
3. Sustainability (지속성)
Sustainability is another
factor of facade design that is more important and relevant now than ever.
Sustainability is all about reducing the footprint using smarter materials,
optimising design and layout, and reducing long-term costs.
Materials such as glass and
open-profiled metal sheets allow the entry of natural light, thereby reducing
the need for indoor lighting. More natural light means less reliance on the
electricity grid, which ultimately reduces the energy spend.
Facades are generally
oriented so they can respond to the sun’s movement. Depending on the local
climate, facades can also prevent heat loss, or maintain cooler temperatures
inside the building. Again, this reduces the amount of energy building managers
need to use to keep the environment comfortable for occupants.
The ‘vegetated facade’ is
another hot trend in facade design wherein a facade is designed and built to
support the growth of vegetation. The vegetation then becomes part of the
building skin, reinforcing biodiversity and offering shade and amenity spaces
for building inhabitants.
4. Smart elements (스마트 요소들)
Smart building design is as
much about sustainability as it’s about improving lives. Smart elements
creatively reimagine what's possible in design, removing limitations, creating
spaces where humans can flourish, and adding new functionality.
Utilising smart elements in
your facade represents an innovative design approach. For instance, a new
hospital built in Mexico City a few years ago, features a facade with
‘smog-eating’ capabilities. The facade material contains titanium dioxide; as
exhaust-filled air passes around the facade, it interacts with the material's
‘free radicals’, which cleanse the air of the gases that smog is made up of,
such as nitric oxide, sulphur dioxide and ozone. 외장에 스마트 요소를 사용하는 것은 혁신적인 디자인 방식을 나타냅니다. 예를 들어, 몇 년 전 멕시코 시티에 세워진 새로운 병원은 '스모그 먹기'기능을 갖춘 정면을 특징으로합니다. 외장재는 이산화 티타늄; 배기로 가득 찬 공기가 외장을 통과 할 때, 물질의 '자유 라디칼'과 상호 작용하여 산화 질소, 이산화황 및 오존과 같이 스모그로 구성된 가스의 공기를 정화합니다.
Another example of smart
facade elements is the communications and design building at the University of
Southern Denmark, which utilises gorgeous perforated metal panels with a
twist. All of the panels are installed on mechanical hinges that are capable of
adjusting themselves to regulate the natural light entering the building.
Yet another example of smart
facade design comes from material technologists Decker Yeadon, whose
homeostatic facade comprises of two sheets of glass sandwiching the newly
developed material. This material was created to act like a muscle, expanding
or contracting based on the temperature of the outer surface. This in turn,
alters the amount of light and heat that can enter the building.
SDU Kolding (Uhandymand)
5. Maintenance (유지 관리)
Maintenance plays a large
role in facade design. As the ‘face’ of a building, a facade needs to maintain
its appearance for the building's entire lifecycle. When designing a facade,
it’s important to carefully consider how the materials will age over time,
whether access points for cleaners can be incorporated, and if there is
compatibility with new maintenance technology.
When perforated or expanded
metal sheets are used, hot dip galvanisation helps them go the distance over
time. In terms of access, this can often be achieved by having stairwells and
access points between the facade and the building's exterior or otherwise
allowing room for a cherry-picker to get close to the building. There are
also a few companies currently producing robots for cleaning facades; since
they need a place to dock in many cases, incorporating this into building
design can also be useful for maintaining the facade in the long haul.
University of Twente
There are a huge number of
factors involved in design, and we haven't even touched on compliance, but the
possibilities for what can be done are growing every day. If you're ready to
talk materials, we'd love to hear from you, so get in touch with the team at Locker Group today. 디자인과 관련된 수많은 요소가 있으며 규정 준수에 대해서는 다루지 않았지만 수행 할 수있는 가능성은 날로 증가하고 있습니다.
